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CTET 1 Mar 2026 Paper 1, Question 8

Topic: Vygotsky

Q8

Lev Vygotsky’s theory has been criticized for :

  1. (1) Considering prominence of emotional factors in forming motivation for learning.
  2. (2) Emphasizing biological influences in the process of development at the expense of socio-cultural factors.
  3. (3) Giving importance to students instead of teachers in the process of learning.
  4. (4) Overlooking the role of genetics and biology in the course of learning.Correct answer

Solution.

CBSE answer: (4)

Answer: (4) Overlooking the role of genetics and biology in learning

  1. Vygotsky placed social interaction, language and culture at the centre of development.
  2. Critics point out that this gives too little weight to biological maturation and inherited factors.
  3. (2) states the reverse; overemphasis on biology is a criticism made of maturational views, not of Vygotsky.

Trap: (2) flips the actual criticism.