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CTET 1 Mar 2026 Paper 1 English, Question 103

Topic: Language acquisition

Q103

Which of the following principles of emerging literacy is not supported by Vygotsky ?

  1. (1) Child-directed exploration
  2. (2) Cooperative learning
  3. (3) Adult-guided learning
  4. (4) Drill and practiceCorrect answer

Solution.

CBSE answer: (4)

Answer: (4) Drill and practice

  1. Vygotsky saw learning as social: children grow through guidance from adults and more capable peers within the zone of proximal development.
  2. So adult-guided learning and cooperative learning fit his view directly.
  3. Mechanical drill and practice comes from behaviourism and treats literacy as repeated habit, which Vygotsky does not support.

Trap: child-directed exploration is more Piaget than Vygotsky, but it is still meaningful activity; drill is the clear misfit.