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UPSC Prelims 2025 GS Paper 1, question 78

Topic: Modern history and freedom struggle

Q78

Who among the following was the founder of the ‘Self-Respect Movement’?

  1. (a) ‘Periyar’ E. V. Ramaswamy NaickerCorrect answer
  2. (b) Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
  3. (c) Bhaskarrao Jadhav
  4. (d) Dinkarrao Javalkar

Solution.

Answer: (a) ‘Periyar’ E. V. Ramaswamy Naicker

  1. 'Periyar' E. V. Ramaswamy Naicker founded the Self-Respect Movement (Suyamariyathai Iyakkam) in 1925 in Tamil Nadu.
  2. The movement championed egalitarianism, women's rights, rationalism, and the dismantling of caste hierarchy and Brahminical orthodoxy.