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UPSC Prelims 2025 GS Paper 1, question 25

Topic: World and physical geography

Q25

Which of the following are the evidences of the phenomenon of continental drift?

I. The belt of ancient rocks from Brazil coast matches with those from Western Africa.

II. The gold deposits of Ghana are derived from the Brazil plateau when the two continents lay side by side.

III. The Gondwana system of sediments from India is known to have its counterparts in six different landmasses of the Southern Hemisphere.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

  1. (a) I and III only
  2. (b) I and II only
  3. (c) I, II and IIICorrect answer
  4. (d) II and III only

Solution.

Answer: (c) I, II and III

  1. Statement I is correct: according to NCERT's Fundamentals of Physical Geography, a belt of ancient rocks of 2,000 million years from the Brazil coast matches those from Western Africa.
  2. Statement II is correct: the rich placer deposits of gold on the Ghana coast (with no local source rock) are derived from the gold-bearing veins of the Brazil plateau when the two continents lay side by side.
  3. Statement III is correct: the Gondwana system of sediments from India is known to have its counterparts in six different landmasses of the Southern Hemisphere (India, Africa, Madagascar, Antarctica, Australia, and the Falkland Islands/South America).